@article{103538,
  keywords = {Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis, Soluble immune mediators, Circulation , Lesion microenvironment, Time evolution lesion},
  author = {de Souza JP and Ferreira-Gontijo CM and Pereira FRV and Eller MTC and Ottoni-Vieira MFG and Pereira-Martins J and Rodrigues MP and Brito-de-Sousa JP and Nascimento AS and de Brito MNP and e Silva BOS and da Silva TR and de Figueiredo MCCM and Monteiro ÉM and Martins-Filho OA and Coelho-dos-Reis JGA and Pascoal-Xavier MA and Sampaio-Pereira AA and Teixeira-Carvalho A and Miranda VHS and Peruhype-Magalhães V},
  title = {Immune Mediator Profile in the Inflammatory Microenvironment Reveals Potential Biomarkers of Wound Healing in Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis},
  abstract = {<p>Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is the most prevalent form of leishmaniasis, with infection control primarily dependent on cell-mediated immunity. Lesion healing results from a complex interplay among immune cells and soluble mediators. Using Luminex technology, we evaluated circulating and lesion microenvironment immune mediators, including chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors, in patients with LCL and nonspecific dermatitis. A robust proinflammatory response was observed in the lesion microenvironment of LCL patients, characterized by elevated levels of growth factors, important immune mediators potentially involved in tissue repair. Predictive modeling identified FGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-2, and IL-9 as key immune mediators distinguishing LCL from nonspecific dermatitis. Our results reveal that LCL presents a distinct soluble immune mediator signature from nonspecific dermatitis, exhibiting a set of biomarkers that not only define its immune mediator signature but also signal a possible role in the tissue repair process. Furthermore, we characterized the profile of soluble immune mediators of LCL patients, categorized according to the time evolution lesion. Our analysis revealed a predominance of biomarkers within the lesion microenvironment in patients with recent lesions (2 months of evolution), our data showed a predominance of biomarkers in the systemic circulation. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the immunopathogenesis of LCL and highlight candidate immune mediators for targeted prognostic evaluation.</p>
},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Current Tissue Microenvironment Reports},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {1 - 17},
  month = {03/2026},
  publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
  issn = {2662-4079},
  url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43152-026-00065-4.pdf},
  doi = {10.1007/s43152-026-00065-4},
  language = {ENG},
}