@article{25945,
  author = {Lönnroth K and Migliori GB and Abubakar I and D'Ambrosio L and Vries G and Diel R and Douglas P and Falzon D and Gaudreau M and Goletti D and González Ochoa E and LoBue P and Matteelli A and Njoo H and Solovic I and Story A and Tayeb T and Werf MJ and Weil D and Zellweger J and Abdel Aziz M and Al Lawati M and Aliberti S and Arrazola de Oñate W and Barreira D and Bhatia V and Blasi F and Bloom A and Bruchfeld J and Castelli F and Centis R and Chemtob D and Cirillo DM and Colorado A and Dadu A and Dahle UR and De Paoli L and Dias H and Duarte R and Fattorini L and Gaga M and Getahun H and Glaziou P and Goguadze L and Del Granado M and Haas W and Järvinen A and Kwon G and Mosca D and Nahid P and Nishikiori N and Noguer I and O'Donnell J and Pace-Asciak A and Pompa MG and Popescu G and Robalo Cordeiro C and Rønning K and Ruhwald M and Sculier J and Simunović A and Smith-Palmer A and Sotgiu G and Sulis G and A Torres-Duque C and Umeki K and Uplekar M and Weezenbeek C and Vasankari T and Vitillo RJ and Voniatis C and Wanlin M and Raviglione M},
  title = {Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low-incidence countries.},
  abstract = {<p>This paper describes an action framework for countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence (&lt;100 TB cases per million population) that are striving for TB elimination. The framework sets out priority interventions required for these countries to progress first towards "pre-elimination" (&lt;10 cases per million) and eventually the elimination of TB as a public health problem (less than one case per million). TB epidemiology in most low-incidence countries is characterised by a low rate of transmission in the general population, occasional outbreaks, a majority of TB cases generated from progression of latent TB infection (LTBI) rather than local transmission, concentration to certain vulnerable and hard-to-reach risk groups, and challenges posed by cross-border migration. Common health system challenges are that political commitment, funding, clinical expertise and general awareness of TB diminishes as TB incidence falls. The framework presents a tailored response to these challenges, grouped into eight priority action areas: 1) ensure political commitment, funding and stewardship for planning and essential services; 2) address the most vulnerable and hard-to-reach groups; 3) address special needs of migrants and cross-border issues; 4) undertake screening for active TB and LTBI in TB contacts and selected high-risk groups, and provide appropriate treatment; 5) optimise the prevention and care of drug-resistant TB; 6) ensure continued surveillance, programme monitoring and evaluation and case-based data management; 7) invest in research and new tools; and 8) support global TB prevention, care and control. The overall approach needs to be multisectorial, focusing on equitable access to high-quality diagnosis and care, and on addressing the social determinants of TB. Because of increasing globalisation and population mobility, the response needs to have both national and global dimensions.</p>
},
  year = {2015},
  journal = {The European respiratory journal},
  issn = {1399-3003},
  url = {http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2015/03/18/09031936.00214014.full.pdf+html},
  doi = {10.1183/09031936.00214014},
  language = {eng},
}