@article{98192,
  keywords = {Infectious Diseases, Microbiology (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Immunology and Microbiology, Epidemiology, Chromoblastomycosis},
  author = {Queiroz-Telles F and de Hoog S and Santos DWCL and Salgado CG and Vicente VA and Bonifaz A and Roilides E and Xi L and Azevedo CDMPES and da Silva MB and Pana ZD and Colombo AL and Walsh TJ},
  title = {Chromoblastomycosis},
  abstract = {<p>Chromoblastomycosis (CBM), also known as chromomycosis, is one of the most prevalent implantation fungal infections, being the most common of the gamut of mycoses caused by melanized or brown-pigmented fungi. CBM is mainly a tropical or subtropical disease that may affect individuals with certain risk factors around the world. The following characteristics are associated with this disease: (i) traumatic inoculation by implantation from an environmental source, leading to an initial cutaneous lesion at the inoculation site; (ii) chronic and progressive cutaneous and subcutaneous tissular involvement associated with fibrotic and granulomatous reactions associated with microabscesses and often with tissue proliferation; (iii) a nonprotective T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response with ineffective humoral involvement; and (iv) the presence of muriform (sclerotic) cells embedded in the affected tissue. CBM lesions are clinically polymorphic and are commonly misdiagnosed as various other infectious and noninfectious diseases. In its more severe clinical forms, CBM may cause an incapacity for labor due to fibrotic sequelae and also due to a series of clinical complications, and if not recognized at an early stage, this disease can be refractory to antifungal therapy.</p>
},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {Clinical Microbiology Reviews},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {233-276},
  publisher = {American Society for Microbiology},
  issn = {0893-8512, 1098-6618},
  url = {https://journals.asm.org/doi/reader/10.1128/CMR.00032-16},
  doi = {10.1128/cmr.00032-16},
  language = {Eng},
}