01847nas a2200349   4500000000100000008004100001260003500042653002100077653001200098653001500110653002000125653001700145653002000162653001700182653001400199653001800213100001900231700001700250700001600267700001800283700001400301700001500315700001800330700001900348700001400367700001800381700001600399245004900415856020900464300000900673520081500682       2024                            d  bUva Clinical Medicine/ leprosy10aHansen's disease10aLeprosy10atratamento10aPathophysiology10aRisk factors10aImmune response10aEpidemiology10aTreatment10aGlobal health1 aKarunarathna I1 aRajapaksha S1 aEkanayake U1 aGunawardana K1 aAluthge P1 aGunasena P1 aGunathilake S1 aHapuarachchi T1 aBandara S1 aJayawardana A1 a De Alvis K00aAdvances in Leprosy Treatment and Management  uhttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Indunil-Karunarathna/publication/383343204_Advances_in_Leprosy_Treatment_and_Management/links/66c8dbae97265406eaa63d8b/Advances-in-Leprosy-Treatment-and-Management.pdf  a1-153 a<p>Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic granulomatous infection primarily caused by Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Despite its historical stigma and common misconceptions about high contagion, leprosy is not highly transmissible and is effectively treatable. This review explores the pathophysiology of leprosy, emphasizing how M. leprae affects peripheral nerves, and discusses various risk factors, including genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and immunosuppression. Additionally, the review examines the global epidemiology of leprosy, highlighting recent trends, ongoing challenges, and the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. Understanding these aspects is crucial for improving management strategies and advancing global eradication efforts.</p>