03063nas a2200325   4500000000100000008004100001653001500042100002300057700001400080700001700094700001500111700001800126700001300144700001600157700001200173700001300185700001600198700001400214700001500228700001100243700001500254700002000269700007000289245008700359856005500446300001000501490000700511520220500518022001402723       2016                            d10aZika virus1 aSchüler-Faccini L1 aRibeiro E1 aFeitosa IM L1 aHorovitz D1 aCavalcanti DP1 aPessoa A1 aDoriqui MJR1 aNeri JI1 aNeto JMP1 aWanderley H1 aCernach M1 aEl-Husny A1 aPone M1 aSerao CL C1 aSanseverino MTV1 aBrazilian Medical Genetics Society–Zika Embryopathy Task Force 00aPossible association between Zika virus infection and microcephaly - Brazil, 2015.  uhttp://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6503e2.htm  a59-620 v653 a<p>In early 2015, an outbreak of Zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, was identified in northeast Brazil, an area where dengue virus was also circulating. By September, reports of an increase in the number of infants born with microcephaly in Zika virus-affected areas began to emerge, and Zika virus RNA was identified in the amniotic fluid of two women whose fetuses had been found to have microcephaly by prenatal ultrasound. The Brazil Ministry of Health (MoH) established a task force to investigate the possible association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and a registry for incident microcephaly cases (head circumference ≥2 standard deviations [SD] below the mean for sex and gestational age at birth) and pregnancy outcomes among women suspected to have had Zika virus infection during pregnancy. Among a cohort of 35 infants with microcephaly born during August-October 2015 in eight of Brazil's 26 states and reported to the registry, the mothers of all 35 had lived in or visited Zika virus-affected areas during pregnancy, 25 (71%) infants had severe microcephaly (head circumference &gt;3 SD below the mean for sex and gestational age), 17 (49%) had at least one neurologic abnormality, and among 27 infants who had neuroimaging studies, all had abnormalities. Tests for other congenital infections were negative. All infants had a lumbar puncture as part of the evaluation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were sent to a reference laboratory in Brazil for Zika virus testing; results are not yet available. Further studies are needed to confirm the association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and to understand any other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with Zika virus infection. Pregnant women in Zika virus-affected areas should protect themselves from mosquito bites by using air conditioning, screens, or nets when indoors, wearing long sleeves and pants, using permethrin-treated clothing and gear, and using insect repellents when outdoors. Pregnant and lactating women can use all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellents according to the product label.</p>
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