01654nas a2200205   4500000000100000008004100001653002500042653001500067653003000082653001900112653002500131653001900156100001400175700001300189245014400202300000900346490000800355520107100363022001401434       2016                            d10aLymphatic filariasis10aMosquitoes10apolymerase chain reaction10aPool screening10aWuchereria bancrofti10aXenomonitoring1 aOkorie PN1 aSouza DK00aProspects, drawbacks and future needs of xenomonitoring for the endpoint evaluation of lymphatic filariasis elimination programs in Africa.  a90-70 v1103 a<p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a debilitating disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and B. timori parasitic worms and transmitted by Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia mosquitoes. Mass drug administration (MDA) to reduce the infection levels in the human population is the key component of LF elimination programs. However, the potential of the use of vector control is gaining recognition as a tool that can complement MDA. The method of monitoring the parasites in mosquito vectors is known as xenomonitoring. Monitoring of vectors for filarial larvae is an important assessment tool for LF elimination programs. Xenomonitoring has the advantage of giving a real-time estimate of disease, because the pre-patent period may take months after infection in humans. It is a non-invasive sensitive tool for assessing the presence of LF in endemic areas. The aim of this review is to discuss the prospects, challenges and needs of xenomonitoring as a public health tool, in the post-MDA evaluation activities of national LF elimination programs.</p>
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