01813nas a2200205   4500000000100000008004100001100001000042700001300052700001300065700001400078700001200092700001900104700001400123700001800137245018100155856005700336300000600393490000700399520120100406       2020                            d1 aRai S1 aIrwanto 1 aPeters R1 aSyurina E1 aPutri A1 aMikhakhanova A1 aNaniche D1 aZweekhorst MB00aQualitative exploration of the experiences of individual living with health-related stigma and its consequences among Indonesians with HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia, and diabetes  uhttp://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/kesmas/article/view/3306  a10 v153 aHealth-related stigma causes a negative impact on the lives of affected people and undermines the effectiveness of public health programs. This study aimed to explore experiences and consequences of stigma among people affected by four health conditions relevant in Indonesia– HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia and diabetes. In this qualitative study 40 people affected by the four health conditions in Jakarta and West Java, Indonesia–, were interviewed between March and June 2018. Data were analyzed thematically by following an integrative inductive-deductive approach. The experiences and consequences of people with stigma were similar, but such experience were more severe among people affected by HIV, leprosy, and schizophrenia. Those with diabetes either experienced no or less severe stigma. The participants revealed that they experienced the enacted stigma in healthcare, employment, and social interactions in the structural and interpersonal levels. They also felt the stigma in the form of internalized and anticipated stigma at an individual level. Incidences of human rights violations were evident. Social, behavioral, psychological, and medical consequences were also reported.