00860nas a2200121   4500000000100000008004100001260002300042100001200065245005200077300001000129520058100139020001800720       2021                            d  bSpringer Singapore1 aNwaka S00aLandscape for Research and Innovation in Africa  a11-243 aUsing various indices that measure R&D and innovation progress such as investment, human capacity, publications, patents, collaborations and others, this chapter shows that Africa, especially sub-Saharan Africa, performs poorly compared to most of the other regions of the world. It references the work of UNESCO, the African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation (ANDI) and others, and shows very poor intra-African collaboration compared to North-South research collaborations. The reasons for this skewed collaboration pattern and ways of addressing it are proposed.  a9789811601545