01681nas a2200157   4500000000100000008004100001260002300042653002200065653001700087100001200104700001400116245003500130300001200165520132800177020001801505       2022                            d  bSpringer Singapore10aZika virus (ZIKV)10aLyme Disease1 aRashmi 1 aParveen N00aZika, Lyme, and Chagas Disease  a247-2613 a<p>Vector-borne diseases are important health problems, usually restricted to certain geographical areas. Recently due to international travels and globalization, few of these are being detected in previously unknown areas. Zika, Lyme and Chagas diseases are such emerging infections which have significant perinatal implications. Zika Virus infections are transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. It causes mild disease in the mother but transplacental spread to fetus can cause microcephaly and other congenital anomalies. There is no specific treatment for the infection and travel restriction guidelines and personal protective measures are important for primary prevention. Lyme disease is a spirochetal infection transmitted by ticks. Vertical transmission has been reported and adverse outcomes including cardiac anomalies are suggested, though causal relationship hasn’t been established conclusively. Chagas disease which is a protozoal infection can cause cardiomyopathy and megacolon in the fetus. Screening and treatment before pregnancy and treatment of neonates in endemic areas are important. Lack of knowledge and awareness among health professionals about these infections can delay diagnosis and treatment resulting in adverse obstetric outcomes and hence are being discussed in detail in the chapter.</p>
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