02371nas a2200301   4500000000100000008004100001260003700042653002400079653005700103653002400160653001000184100001000194700001000204700001100214700000900225700001100234700000900245700001200254700001000266700001000276700001500286245005800301856009900359300000900458490000700467520158100474022001402055       2022                            d  bPublic Library of Science (PLoS)10aInfectious Diseases10aPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health10aChromoblastomycosis10aChina1 aLiu S1 aZhi H1 aShen H1 aLv W1 aSang B1 aLi Q1 aZhong Y1 aLiu Z1 aXia X1 aDenning DW00aChromoblastomycosis: A case series from Eastern China  uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0010800&type=printable  a1-110 v163 a<p>Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal infection of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues caused by brown pigmented fungi. Fonsecaea monophora is one of the most common pathogens of CBM in China. Most formal cases have been reported from Southern China, however, the infection is not uncommon in Eastern China where very few case series are available. To describe the clinical aspects of CBM, we report a series of 11 cases between 2018 and 2021 at a single medical center in Eastern China. The patients were predominately male (n = 9) and the disease duration ranged from 3 months to 20 years. Plaque type lesions were the most common clinical manifestations. There were 7 cases of mild forms and 3 cases of severe forms. Among the 3 severe cases, one case gave up treatment due to economic poverty; one case did not respond to a 1-year systemic treatmen; one case was cured by combination therapy of 10 months. Other cases were cured by treatment with antifungal agents. All cases of direct mycological examination were positive. All isolates were identified by morphology and sequencing of the the ITS regions of ribosomal DNA, Ten were F. monophora and 1 was Cladophialophora carrionii. All cases had been evaluated at other clinics, where 8 cases were misdiagnosed as other diseases. As a neglected tropical disease (NTD), CBM is still a major challenge in the field of dermatology, especially in its severe clinical forms. As an effective and simple diagnostic method of CBM, direct microscopic examination should be further promoted in rural hospitals.</p>
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