02287nas a2200241   4500000000100000008004100001260001200042653003400054653002500088653002100113100001200134700001200146700001200158700001100170700001400181700002100195245015200216856009900368300000900467490000700476520154800483022001402031       2023                            d  c09/202310aMDA, Mass Drug Administration10aContact surveillance10atreatment access1 aClark J1 aDavis E1 aPrada J1 aGass K1 aKrentel A1 aHollingsworth DT00aHow correlations between treatment access and surveillance inclusion impact neglected tropical disease monitoring and evaluation-A simulated study.  uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011582&type=printable  a1-150 v173 a<p>Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) largely impact marginalised communities living in tropical and subtropical regions. Mass drug administration is the leading intervention method for five NTDs; however, it is known that there is lack of access to treatment for some populations and demographic groups. It is also likely that those individuals without access to treatment are excluded from surveillance. It is important to consider the impacts of this on the overall success, and monitoring and evaluation (M&amp;E) of intervention programmes. We use a detailed individual-based model of the infection dynamics of lymphatic filariasis to investigate the impact of excluded, untreated, and therefore unobserved groups on the true versus observed infection dynamics and subsequent intervention success. We simulate surveillance in four groups-the whole population eligible to receive treatment, the whole eligible population with access to treatment, the TAS focus of six- and seven-year-olds, and finally in &gt;20-year-olds. We show that the surveillance group under observation has a significant impact on perceived dynamics. Exclusion to treatment and surveillance negatively impacts the probability of reaching public health goals, though in populations that do reach these goals there are no signals to indicate excluded groups. Increasingly restricted surveillance groups over-estimate the efficacy of MDA. The presence of non-treated groups cannot be inferred when surveillance is only occurring in the group receiving treatment.</p>
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