BACKGROUND:
Despite growing global investment in One Health initiatives, limited systematic synthesis exists examining veterinary authority strategies and their performance outcomes in developing countries, creating a knowledge gap for evidence-based policy formulation.
OBJECTIVE:
To develop a comprehensive taxonomy of One Health zoonosis prevention strategies implemented by veterinary authorities in developing countries and establish quantitative effectiveness patterns across resource-constrained settings.
METHODS:
We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, searching Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and July 2025. Two reviewers independently screened 126 records after deduplication with inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.82). We employed mixed-methods synthesis integrating thematic analysis and quantitative effectiveness scoring across 42 included studies.
RESULTS:
From 42 studies spanning 18 countries, we identified 14 distinct One Health strategies organized into three dominant modalities: intersectoral coordination mechanisms (35.7%), surveillance system enhancement (28.6%), and integrated service delivery (21.4%). Integrated approaches consistently demonstrated superior effectiveness scores (77-90, 95% CI: 73-94) compared to single-intervention strategies (25-95, 95% CI: 18-88). Mobile surveillance systems achieved 14-fold reporting increases (RR = 14.0, 95% CI: 13.8-14.2), while integrated surveillance systems demonstrated improved epidemiological understanding across human-animal interfaces.
CONCLUSIONS:
Implementation quality and strategic integration represent more critical determinants of success than intervention type or resource intensity alone. Sub-optimal policy implementation and poor inter-sectoral coordination were consistently identified as barriers to achieving desired outcomes. These findings provide evidence-based guidance for optimizing limited resources in developing countries.
BT - Research in veterinary science C1 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41650797 DA - 05/2026 DO - 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106091 J2 - Res Vet Sci LA - ENG M3 - Article N2 -BACKGROUND:
Despite growing global investment in One Health initiatives, limited systematic synthesis exists examining veterinary authority strategies and their performance outcomes in developing countries, creating a knowledge gap for evidence-based policy formulation.
OBJECTIVE:
To develop a comprehensive taxonomy of One Health zoonosis prevention strategies implemented by veterinary authorities in developing countries and establish quantitative effectiveness patterns across resource-constrained settings.
METHODS:
We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, searching Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and July 2025. Two reviewers independently screened 126 records after deduplication with inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.82). We employed mixed-methods synthesis integrating thematic analysis and quantitative effectiveness scoring across 42 included studies.
RESULTS:
From 42 studies spanning 18 countries, we identified 14 distinct One Health strategies organized into three dominant modalities: intersectoral coordination mechanisms (35.7%), surveillance system enhancement (28.6%), and integrated service delivery (21.4%). Integrated approaches consistently demonstrated superior effectiveness scores (77-90, 95% CI: 73-94) compared to single-intervention strategies (25-95, 95% CI: 18-88). Mobile surveillance systems achieved 14-fold reporting increases (RR = 14.0, 95% CI: 13.8-14.2), while integrated surveillance systems demonstrated improved epidemiological understanding across human-animal interfaces.
CONCLUSIONS:
Implementation quality and strategic integration represent more critical determinants of success than intervention type or resource intensity alone. Sub-optimal policy implementation and poor inter-sectoral coordination were consistently identified as barriers to achieving desired outcomes. These findings provide evidence-based guidance for optimizing limited resources in developing countries.
PY - 2026 T2 - Research in veterinary science TI - One health strategies for zoonosis prevention in developing countries: A systematic review (2015-2025). UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034528826000433?via%3Dihub VL - 203 SN - 1532-2661 ER -