TY - JOUR
KW - General Medicine
KW - Vision impairment
KW - Blindness
AU - Adelson JD
AU - Bourne RRA
AU - Briant PS
AU - Flaxman SR
AU - Taylor HRB
AU - Jonas JB
AU - Abdoli AA
AU - Abrha WA
AU - Abualhasan A
AU - Abu-Gharbieh EG
AU - Adal TG
AU - Afshin A
AU - Ahmadieh H
AU - Alemayehu W
AU - Alemzadeh SAS
AU - Alfaar AS
AU - Alipour V
AU - Androudi S
AU - Arabloo J
AU - Arditi AB
AU - Aregawi BB
AU - Arrigo A
AU - Ashbaugh C
AU - Ashrafi ED
AU - Atnafu DD
AU - Bagli EA
AU - Baig AAW
AU - Bärnighausen TW
AU - Battaglia Parodi M
AU - Beheshti MS
AU - Bhagavathula AS
AU - Bhardwaj N
AU - Bhardwaj P
AU - Bhattacharyya K
AU - Bijani A
AU - Bikbov M
AU - Bottone M
AU - Braithwaite TM
AU - Bron AM
AU - Burugina Nagaraja SA
AU - Butt ZA
AU - Caetano dos Santos FLL
AU - Carneiro VLJ
AU - Casson RJ
AU - Cheng CJ
AU - Choi JJ
AU - Chu D
AU - Cicinelli MVM
AU - Coelho JMG
AU - Congdon NGA
AU - Couto RAA
AU - Cromwell EAM
AU - Dahlawi SM
AU - Dai X
AU - Dana R
AU - Dandona L
AU - Dandona RA
AU - Del Monte MA
AU - Derbew Molla M
AU - Dervenis NA
AU - Desta AAP
AU - Deva JP
AU - Diaz D
AU - Djalalinia SE
AU - Ehrlich JR
AU - Elayedath RR
AU - Elhabashy HRB
AU - Ellwein LB
AU - Emamian MH
AU - Eskandarieh S
AU - Farzadfar FG
AU - Fernandes AG
AU - Fischer FS
AU - Friedman DSM
AU - Furtado JM
AU - Gaidhane S
AU - Gazzard G
AU - Gebremichael B
AU - George R
AU - Ghashghaee A
AU - Gilani SA
AU - Golechha M
AU - Hamidi SR
AU - Hammond BRR
AU - Hartnett MERK
AU - Hartono RK
AU - Hashi AI
AU - Hay SI
AU - Hayat K
AU - Heidari G
AU - Ho HC
AU - Holla R
AU - Househ MJ
AU - Huang JJE
AU - Ibitoye SEM
AU - Ilic IMD
AU - Ilic MDD
AU - Ingram ADN
AU - Irvani SSN
AU - Islam SMS
AU - Itumalla R
AU - Jayaram SP
AU - Jha R
AU - Kahloun R
AU - Kalhor R
AU - Kandel H
AU - Kasa AS
AU - Kavetskyy TA
AU - Kayode GAH
AU - Kempen JH
AU - Khairallah M
AU - Khalilov RA
AU - Khan EAC
AU - Khanna RC
AU - Khatib MNA
AU - Khoja TAE
AU - Kim JE
AU - Kim YJ
AU - Kim GR
AU - Kisa S
AU - Kisa A
AU - Kosen S
AU - Koyanagi A
AU - Kucuk Bicer B
AU - Kulkarni VP
AU - Kurmi OP
AU - Landires IC
AU - Lansingh VCL
AU - Leasher JLE
AU - LeGrand KE
AU - Leveziel N
AU - Limburg H
AU - Liu X
AU - Madhava Kunjathur S
AU - Maleki S
AU - Manafi N
AU - Mansouri K
AU - McAlinden CG
AU - Meles GGM
AU - Mersha AM
AU - Michalek IMR
AU - Miller TR
AU - Misra S
AU - Mohammad Y
AU - Mohammadi SFA
AU - Mohammed JAH
AU - Mokdad AH
AU - Moni MAA
AU - Montasir AAR
AU - Morse ARF
AU - Mulaw GFC
AU - Naderi M
AU - Naderifar HS
AU - Naidoo KS
AU - Naimzada MD
AU - Nangia V
AU - Narasimha Swamy SM
AU - Naveed DM
AU - Negash HL
AU - Nguyen HL
AU - Nunez-Samudio VA
AU - Ogbo FA
AU - Ogundimu KT
AU - Olagunju ATE
AU - Onwujekwe OE
AU - Otstavnov NO
AU - Owolabi MO
AU - Pakshir K
AU - Panda-Jonas S
AU - Parekh U
AU - Park E
AU - Pasovic M
AU - Pawar S
AU - Pesudovs K
AU - Peto TQ
AU - Pham HQ
AU - Pinheiro M
AU - Podder V
AU - Rahimi-Movaghar V
AU - Rahman MHUY
AU - Ramulu PY
AU - Rathi P
AU - Rawaf SL
AU - Rawaf DL
AU - Rawal L
AU - Reinig NM
AU - Renzaho AM
AU - Rezapour AL
AU - Robin AL
AU - Rossetti L
AU - Sabour S
AU - Safi S
AU - Sahebkar A
AU - Sahraian MAM
AU - Samy AM
AU - Sathian B
AU - Saya GK
AU - Saylan MA
AU - Shaheen AAA
AU - Shaikh MAT
AU - Shen TT
AU - Shibuya KS
AU - Shiferaw WS
AU - Shigematsu M
AU - Shin JI
AU - Silva JC
AU - Silvester AA
AU - Singh JA
AU - Singhal DS
AU - Sitorus RS
AU - Skiadaresi EY
AU - Skryabin VYA
AU - Skryabina AA
AU - Soheili AB
AU - Sorrie MBARC
AU - Sousa RARCT
AU - Sreeramareddy CT
AU - Stambolian DG
AU - Tadesse EG
AU - Tahhan NI
AU - Tareque MI
AU - Topouzis FX
AU - Tran BX
AU - Tsegaye GK
AU - Tsilimbaris MK
AU - Varma R
AU - Virgili G
AU - Vongpradith AT
AU - Vu GT
AU - Wang YX
AU - Wang NH
AU - Weldemariam AHK
AU - West SKG
AU - Wondmeneh TGY
AU - Wong TY
AU - Yaseri M
AU - Yonemoto N
AU - Yu CS
AU - Zastrozhin MS
AU - Zhang ZR
AU - Zimsen SR
AU - Resnikoff S
AU - Vos T
AB - Background<br>
Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error.<br>
<br>Methods<br>
We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10° visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older.<br>
<br>Findings<br>
Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change −0·2% [95% UI −1·5 to 1·0]; 2019 prevalence 9·58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8·51 to 10·8], 2010 prevalence 96·0 cases per 1000 people [86·0 to 107·0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by −15·4% [–16·8 to −14·3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0·5% [–0·8 to 1·6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10·8% [8·9 to 12·4]) and MSVI (31·5% [30·0 to 33·1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15·2 million cases [9% IU 12·7–18·0]), followed by glaucoma (3·6 million cases [2·8–4·4]), undercorrected refractive error (2·3 million cases [1·8–2·8]), age-related macular degeneration (1·8 million cases [1·3–2·4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0·86 million cases [0·59–1·23]). Leading causes of MSVI were undercorrected refractive error (86·1 million cases [74·2–101·0]) and cataract (78·8 million cases [67·2–91·4]).<br>
<br>Interpretation<br>
Results suggest eye care services contributed to the observed reduction of age-standardised rates of avoidable blindness but not of MSVI, and that the target in an ageing global population was not reached.
BT - The Lancet Global Health
DO - 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30489-7
IS - 2
LA - eng
N2 - Background<br>
Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error.<br>
<br>Methods<br>
We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10° visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older.<br>
<br>Findings<br>
Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change −0·2% [95% UI −1·5 to 1·0]; 2019 prevalence 9·58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8·51 to 10·8], 2010 prevalence 96·0 cases per 1000 people [86·0 to 107·0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by −15·4% [–16·8 to −14·3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0·5% [–0·8 to 1·6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10·8% [8·9 to 12·4]) and MSVI (31·5% [30·0 to 33·1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15·2 million cases [9% IU 12·7–18·0]), followed by glaucoma (3·6 million cases [2·8–4·4]), undercorrected refractive error (2·3 million cases [1·8–2·8]), age-related macular degeneration (1·8 million cases [1·3–2·4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0·86 million cases [0·59–1·23]). Leading causes of MSVI were undercorrected refractive error (86·1 million cases [74·2–101·0]) and cataract (78·8 million cases [67·2–91·4]).<br>
<br>Interpretation<br>
Results suggest eye care services contributed to the observed reduction of age-standardised rates of avoidable blindness but not of MSVI, and that the target in an ageing global population was not reached.
PB - Elsevier BV
PY - 2021
SP - e144
EP - e160
T2 - The Lancet Global Health
TI - Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
UR - https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2214-109X%2820%2930489-7
VL - 9
SN - 2214-109X
ER -