01454nas a2200217   4500000000100000008004100001653003900042653002700081653001900108653001400127653001600141653001600157653002200173653001400195100001300209700001200222245008200234300000800316520089800324022001401222       2017                            d10aNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs)10aVisceral Leishmaniasis10aAmphoterecin B10aKala-Azar10aMiltefosine10aParomomycin10achemotherapeutics10aTreatment1 aSundar S1 aSingh A00aChemotherapeutics of visceral leishmaniasis: present and future developments.  a1-73 a<p>Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a neglected tropical disease, is very challenging with few treatment options. Long duration of treatment and drug toxicity further limit the target of achieving VL elimination. Chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice. Single dose of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) and multidrug therapy (LAmB + miltefosine, LAmB + paromomycin (PM), or miltefosine + PM) are recommended treatment regimen for treatment of VL in Indian sub-continent. Combination therapy of pentavalent antimonials (Sbv) and PM in East Africa and LAmB in the Mediterranean region/South America remains the treatment of choice. Various drugs having anti-leishmania properties are in preclinical phase and need further development. An effective treatment and secondary prophylaxis of HIV-VL co-infection should be developed to decrease treatment failure and drug resistance.</p>
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