Barriers in the control of schistosomiasis with mass distribution of praziquantel in Bauchi State, Nigeria: a phenomenological study

Background

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the World Health Organization’s recommendation for a widespread distribution of praziquantel, the prevalence of schistosomiasis continues to be alarmingly high. This study explored the barriers to the mass distribution of praziquantel from the perspective of the lived experience of health care workers and provided recommendations to improve the coverage and effectiveness of the mass distribution of praziquantel towards the control of schistosomiasis in Bauchi State, Nigeria.

Methods

This was a phenomenological study that explored the lived experiences of health care workers in the mass distribution of praziquantel. The study utilized focused group discussionss to collect data from health care workers in six local government areas in Bauchi State, selected via a multistage sampling technique. The data were collected via semistructured questions. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was performed via ATLASti software.

Results

The study findings indicated that the fear of side effects, stigmatization, financial constraints, distance to health centers, lack of awareness or understanding of the drug, religious and cultural beliefs were community-related barriers to the mass distribution of praziquantel. Low drug stocks, lack sufficient trained health workers, transportation challenges, weak organization structure, financial and incentive limitations were identified as organizational barriers to the mass distribution of praziquantel.

Conclusions

Tackling issues associated with drug availability, the well-being of health care personnel, community education, and logistical challenges are important steps toward the successful mass distribution of praziquantel for the control of schistosomiasis.