Post-MDA assessment for filariasis in urban and rural areas of Balasore District, Odisha

Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF), an illness caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi, is a significant health and socio-economic challenge, particularly in under-resourced countries. The illness induces chronic diseases such as lymphoedema and elephantiasis, significantly impairing patients’ quality of life. The research evaluates the reach and efficacy of the Mass Medication Administration (MDA) programme in Balasore district, Odisha, in assessing medication intake and adherence rates.

Materials & Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Balasore district from March to April 2023. A multistage selection method selected 300 families (100 urban and 200 rural) for a door-todoor survey utilising a structured questionnaire. Key metrics such as medication coverage, effective coverage, and compliance were assessed. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS version 21.

Results: The MDA program achieved a total medication coverage of 93.6%, above the WHO-recommended threshold of 80%. Urban coverage was 97.4%, while rural coverage was 98.6%. The effective coverage was 92%, while the effective monitored coverage was 68.28%. Non-consumption resulted from apprehension regarding medicines (32.5%) and the perception of non-infection (25%). Minor adverse effects were observed in 6.2% of the subjects.

Conclusions: The MDA campaign in Balasore district exhibited elevated medication coverage and efficacy, surpassing international benchmarks. Myths around non-consumption, notwithstanding progress, necessitate additional community education to ensure the continuing elimination of LF.